Assessment Tools:
Screening & Diagnosis of Adult Patients
Hening Telephone Diagnostic Interview for Restless Legs Syndrome
Hening W. A., Allen R. P., Thanner S., Washburn T., Heckler D., Walters A. S., Earley C. J. (2003). The Johns Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview for the restless legs syndrome: preliminary investigation for validation in a multi-center patient and control population. Sleep Med. Mar;4(2):137-41.
- Sensitivity: 97%
- Specificity: 92%
Languages Available: English
Single Question for the Rapid Screening of Restless Legs Syndrome
Ferri R, Lanuzza B, Cosentino FI, Iero I, Tripodi M, Spada RS, Toscano G, Marelli S, Aricò D, Bella R, Hening WA. A single question for the rapid screening of restless legs syndrome in the neurological clinical practice. European journal of neurology. 2007 Sep;14(9):1016-21.
- Sensitivity: 100%
- Specificity: 96.8%
Languages Available: English
Hopkins Telephone Diagnostic Interview for Restless Legs Syndrome
Hening WA, Allen RP, Washburn M, Lesage S, Earley CJ. Validation of the Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2008 Mar;9(3):283-9
- Kappa 0.87-0.92
- Sensitivity: 90%
- Speciicity: 91%
Languages Available: English, Korean
Restless Legs Syndrome Screening Questionnaire (RLSSQ)
Stiasny-Kolster K, Möller JC, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Baum E, Ries V, Oertel WH. Validation of the restless legs syndrome screening questionnaire (RLSSQ). Somnologie. 2009 Feb 1;13(1).
- 10-item patient self-rating questionnaire covering the clinical features of RLS and including the essential criteria
- Sensitivity: 97.9%
- Specificity: 96.2%
Languages Available: English
Restless Legs Syndrome-Diagnostic Index (RLS-DI)
Beneš H, Kohnen R. Validation of an algorithm for the diagnosis of restless legs syndrome: the Restless Legs Syndrome-Diagnostic Index (RLS-DI). Sleep medicine. 2009 May 1;10(5):515-23.
- 10 items:
- Essential diagnostic criteria established by the IRLSSG: 5 items
- Supportive criteria: 3 items
- Features associated with RLS: 2 items
- Sensitivity: 93%
- Specificity: 98.9%
Languages Available: English, Korean
Screening Interview for Restless Legs Syndrome
Bourguet CC, Ober SK, Panzner MP, Baughman KR. Evaluation of a screening interview for restless legs syndrome. Acta neurologica scandinavica. 2009 Jul;120(1):24-9.
- Kappa: 0.34
- Sensitivity: 63%
- Specificity: 82%
Languages Available: English
The Cambridge-Hopkins Diagnostic Questionnaire for RLS (CH-RLSq)
Allen RP, Burchell BJ, MacDonald B, Hening WA, Earley CJ. Validation of the self-completed Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire (CH-RLSq) for ascertainment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in a population survey. Sleep medicine. 2009 Dec 1;10(10):1097-100.
- Items covering:
- Basic diagnostic features of RLS
- Some basic differential diagnosis
- Sensitivity: 87.2%
- Specificity: 94.4%
Languages Available: English, Hindi
RLS-NIH Questionnaire
Popat RA, Van Den Eeden SK, Tanner CM, Kushida CA, Rama AN, Black JE, Bernstein A, Kasten M, Chade A, Leimpeter A, Cassidy J. Reliability and validity of two self-administered questionnaires for screening restless legs syndrome in population-based studies. Sleep medicine. 2010 Feb 1;11(2):154-60.
- Four Questions:
- First three questions encompass the essential diagnostic criteria
- Fourth question asks about frequency of RLS-related symptoms
- Kappa statistic for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.5 to 1.0
- Sensitivity: 86%
- Specificity: 45%
RLS-EXP Screening Questionnaire
Popat RA, Van Den Eeden SK, Tanner CM, Kushida CA, Rama AN, Black JE, Bernstein A, Kasten M, Chade A, Leimpeter A, Cassidy J. Reliability and validity of two self-administered questionnaires for screening restless legs syndrome in population-based studies. Sleep medicine. 2010 Feb 1;11(2):154-60.
- Four Sections:
- Medical History: for self-reported history of RLS, neuropathy, radiculopathy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease, anemia, end-stage renal disease
- Medication use specific to therapeutic agents, such as dopamine receptor-blocking anti-psychotic agents, likely to induce akathisia
- Essential diagnostic features of RLS and expanded questions on these features, pregnancy related RLS symptoms, medications used for relieving RLS symptoms, and family history of RLS
- Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness
- Kappa: 0.4-0.8
- Sensitivity: 81%
- Specificity: 73%
Languages Available: English
AIIMS RLS Questionnaire for Indian Patients (ARQIP)
Shukla G, Bajpai G, Gupta A, Katoch J, Mohammed A, Pandey RM, Goyal V, Srivastava A, Behari M. Evaluation of the diagnostic yield of ARQIP: A new restless legs syndrome diagnostic questionnaire and validation of its Hindi translation. Neurology India. 2018 Jul 1;66(4):1020.
- Multiple sections, including:
- Four diagnostic criteria for RLS
- Supportive criteria
- Relieving factors
- Sensitivity: 100%
- Specificity: 44%
Languages Available: English, Hindi
Modified-Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnostic Questionnaire (m-RLS-DQ)
Kumar R, Krishnan V; Das A, Kumar N, Gupta R. Modification and Validation of a Diagnostic Questionnaire for Restless Legs Syndrome: Modified-Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnostic Questionnaire (m-RLS-DQ). Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2023; 26(4): 475-483
- Based on updated IRLSSG criteria
- Exclusion/collateral diagnosis of RLS mimics possible
- Sensitivity: 94.9%
- Specificity: 94.1%
Languages Available: English, Hindi